编者按：

2016年10月31日，住建部会同福建省人民政府与联合国人居署，在厦门共同主办“2016世界城市日” 论坛。波兰规划师学会主席Piotr Lorens受邀出席了下午举行的以“多元视角下的包容性城市治理”为主题的专家论坛，并接受了中国城市规划网记者的采访。专家论坛由中国城市规划学会秘书长石楠主持。

波兰规划师学会主席Piotr Lorens受邀出席专家论坛，论坛由中国城市规划学会秘书长石楠主持

记者：如何通过诸如“世界城市日”这样的活动促进《新城市议程》的实施？

How to implement NUA through such tools like WCD etc.?

Piotr Lorens：

首先我们需要明确，《新城市议程》是一个十分复杂的文件，它是关于城市规划的，但是也提到了很多其他内容，诸如城市管治，应对气候变化等等。所以，《新城市议程》不仅仅是行业内讨论的结果，还包含了各成员国政府、非政府组织、企业等所应采取的不同行动。

Well, first of all, we have to know that the NUA is a very complicated product. It is about planning, but it is also about many different things, including urban governance, reaction to climate change and all the other things. So this is not only about professional discussion, but also it is about different things associated with different actions of various responsive governments, also all the non-governmental organizations, also the private sector and so on.

我认为，“世界城市日”首先可以是分享、讨论《新城市议程》最好的平台。其次，我们也可以在“世界城市日”上探讨《新城市议程》的复杂性、探讨各种不同的行动将如何实际影响《新城市议程》的实施，切实改善世界城市的环境。最后，我们可以探讨《新城市议程》中提到的各个问题之间的相关性，打破单一片面的思维模式。

So, I would say this WCD as a perfect vehicle for, first of all, sharing the information of what the NUA is about. Secondly, it’s about telling how complex it is, and also how diverse different actions can actually contribute towards this new urban agenda, towards this improvement of this situation. And finally, how all of those things are interconnected, to break down this silo type of thinking about this thing.

简而言之，我们可以在“世界城市日”上实践那句古老的名言：全球化思考，本土化行动。意思是说你拿到《新城市议程》中这十多个目标，你会思考，这些宏大目标跟我所在的小街区、我关心的日常琐事有什么关系吗？我们日常生活中可以做的和不能做的，这些事情并不是不重要，并不是细枝末节，这些跟我们日常生活息息相关的事情很重要，因为它们共同组成了城市的大格局。

So shortly speaking, it’s about implementing this practice, this very old quote from declaration, which means THINK GLOBALLY, ACT LOCALLY. That means that you having all these 1719 goals of new urban agenda, in the end, you are wondering what the hell can I do with my little block, with my little issue, with my approach and so on? OK you can do this, you can do that, and all of that is not unimportant. It’s not unimportant, and it’s not all small and little. It is big, because it contributes to the big picture.

所以，“全球化思考，本土化行动”意味着我们要辩证地看待大和小的关系，理解哪怕一个小地方的小行动也很重要，正是这些小行动汇聚成了我们的城市乃至新世纪的宏大远景。

So it’s basically understanding the relationship, understanding the importance of even the small actions within a small area, and understanding that it contributes to we are part of the big picture for the cities and for the new century.

波兰规划师学会主席Piotr Lorens接受中国城市规划网记者采访

记者：您认为职业规划师可以在实施《新城市议程》过程中发挥什么作用呢？

How planner as professional could play a key role in implementation of NUA?

Piotr Lorens：

我认为有以下两点。

There are two things.

第一，我们必须认识到如今的城市规划师角色实际上正在转变。我们过去通常扮演总体规划师的角色，所以基本上都在描绘壮丽蓝图，比如编制总体规划、区域规划，规划2000万人口的大城市等等。

First of all, we have to remember that the role of urban planners is actually changing. We used to play role as master planners, so we are basically drawing big pictures, you know, master plans, regional plans, planning cities for 20 million people, and things like that.

但我认为以后情况将有所不同，除了个别情况以外。首先，规划的范畴在不断延伸，我们不再只是做土地利用的安排，路网结构的设计，我们还需要解决很多现实中的复杂问题，例如韧性城市、防洪排涝、住房问题等等。这些都是规划需要解决的问题。

But this is not the case anymore. I mean, it might be the case in some cases, but first of all, the scope of planning is enlarging. So we are not just dealing with land use, route network, but we are also dealing with all these complicated problems associated with resilience, flood protection, housing issue and so on. I mean all of these are the planning problems.

就比如说食物问题。为所有人提供足够的食物可能跟我们的传统规划很不相关，也确实是这样。但事实上，据我了解，当今为人们提供足够的食物确实是规划关心的一大问题。我们规划师必须问自己，怎样通过合理的城乡规划来解决这个问题？食物问题跟城乡规划有什么关系？

Let’s taking food as an example. The question of securing adequate food for people might be very distant from the traditional planning. Actually, it is very distant from the traditional planning. But at the same time, according to my understanding, this is a part of the planning discussion. Because we have to also ask this question, how we can actually solve this problem also through proper planning? How this issue is associated with planning?

所以，一方面规划师们已经意识到规划不再仅仅关乎土地利用安排而已，规划师应把各个方面涉及到的问题都综合起来考虑。另一方面，事实上规划师并不相信能做出一个单一的规划方案来解决所有这些问题。也就是我们通常所说的“没有包治百病的良方”，也不可能做得出来。

So on one hand, it is important that actually planners do understand that it is not only about land use planning anymore, but they should take into account all these things, and actually integrate them into one thing. They don’t actually believe it is possible to make a single comprehensive planning document, which it is dealing with all of that. We call things as “it is not the general material to everything”。 It’s not existing, it is not possible to make it.

我觉得重要的是规划师们需要意识到城市问题的复杂性，并学会表达问题之间的关联。比如规划师在讨论交通规划方案时，应当认识到不同的设计方案会带来土地利用安排、食品的供应或者货物运输等诸多方面的不同结果。重要的是规划师要展示可能出现的结果，并且提供解决问题的方法。

What I think is important is to make physically to make the planners to understand the complexity, but also to show the relations. To show that when you are discussing the transportation network, it has the consequence of land use, the food support, or provision of the product, and so on.  But you have to show the consequences, to show how to cope with the issues.

第二点，对于所有规划师来说都需要转变态度，我们不仅仅服务于政府部门，更是服务于整个社会。规划师们需要为市民提供咨询，什么是可行的，什么是无法实现的，以及规划中一些安排可能会带来哪些影响。规划师们需要转变角色，从总体规划师转变成咨询顾问，既能够协调复杂关系，又能够表达不同措施可能带来的不同结果。

Secondly, it is a very important for all the planners to serve not only as “the best servant of the public sector”， but of the entire community. Planners need to advise them what is doable, what is not possible, and also what will be the consequence of certain actions. So it is very important for the changing of the planners from the master planner to advisor and the person who is able to negotiate different things and show consequences of certain action.

最后，我想说规划师们还需要回归城市物质空间设计的初心。我们现在需要回归城市设计，为每一个普普通通的市民设计出更高品质的空间，提供更高品质的城市环境。对大多数地区的普通人来说，他们并不关心气候变化造成的海平面上涨、防洪这类宏大的问题。这些问题当然是需要我们解决的。但如果你是一名普通市民，你就会更关心你生活空间的质量。这就是我们现在应当回归的。在《新城市议程》的整个讨论过程中，我们应当牢记规划的作用之一就是实实在在为人们提供更高品质的空间，并且不断探索究竟什么样的空间才是真正意义上的高品质空间。

Finally, I think it’s important that actually planners come back to the provision of this role of the urban designer of the architect of space. We are actually coming back to the issue of providing the high quality space, the high quality urban environment, which is very important from the average person’s point of view. And if you are living in here and there, you don’t really consider flood protection, or this kind of major issue. Of course it has to be solved. But what is important from your point of view, if you are an average citizen, is the quality of the space in which you are living. This is something we should come back. Within this whole discussion about the NUA, we should remember that one of the role of planning is actually to provide high quality space, and discuss what actually means to provide high quality space.

我们一度将规划这个专业外延扩展地很广，现在需要回归其核心了。以上就是我的观点，谢谢！

I think once we enlarged the profession, we have to come back to the center at the same time. This is my perception, thank you.